Revolution

__Revolution:__



** Monday, May 5th: periods 3 and 4 **
 * **Create a revolution page on your wiki**
 * **Download a picture to your wiki that best represents** **Revolution**
 * **Copy, paste and answer the essential questions listed below**

**Essential Questions:**
==**1. **Who should decide what is best for ‘the people’? == The people should decide what is best for themselves. They know themselves the best after all and often times the government's belief in what is the best for the people is either skewed or completely wrong and is a means to further political power for government. C ivilians ought to decide for themselves and make their own fate. People could be that decide could be people that is more educated or the majority.

2. What makes people comply or reject?
People comply if they like what the government is doing or are comfortable with their situation or are too lazy or unsure of what to do to make change happen. They would reject if the peoples' temper gets to a boiling point where people are angry at government policies or feel they are being discriminated against and are able to organize together to demonstrate or riot or cause a revolution to happen. If it benefits people then they would usually comply. Comply if government is equal and just.

3. What makes a revolution successful?
A revolution is successful if it succeeds in overthrowing the government and establishing a new government of which type is determined by the revolutionaries. If the government abdicates to make way for the revolution would also count as a successful revolution. The aftermath of whatever happens past the overthrow does not exactly affect whether or not the revolution was successful because usually there is a lot of turmoil afterwards. Need a strong military and organization to win a revolution.

4. Who are the winners in a political revolution
The winners of a political revolution are the party who led the revolution as now they are able to have almost total control of the government while having the support of the people with them. This does not mean that the party would still respect the rights and opinions of the people however.

5. What causes change in a society?
Change is caused when the people have differing opinions between them and their government to the point where a large rift of opinion occurs with each side taking a stance on what to do with issues as well as how things are run in the government. If this gets to a high enough point an revolutionary feelings end up running high, then a revolution could easily occur if the people organizes well enough. Changes may still occur even if the revolution fails as not everyone would simply give up after one attempt. .Different morals and beliefs between people and government. Different technology.

__Revolution: __
 * <span style="font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Definition: a n uprising by the people to bring about change to society and the government with objectives aiming to usurp the government.
 * Dictionary Definition: a forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system.
 * Characteristics and acts I would associate with revolutions include violence, rebel factions fighting against pro-government forces, the government using riot police and at times the military to quell the revolutionaries, sabotage to the government and its facilities, and other demonstrations that the revolutionaries do to protest government policies.

__**Revolutionary Ideas Template:**__ https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CpZLrtzJUSmaE1J5JqIKiSteMJNkQuPeCU6JkTzK36Y/edit?usp=sharing

1.) Equality 2.) Liberty 3.) Justice

Of the three concepts, I feel like equality is the most important as it often affects one whole ethnic group and in the past, inequality between groups have led to violence in demonstrations and outright rebellions and revolutions in which groups were seeking equal rights for themselves. On the news coverages, it seems like that problems with equality is covered more than the other two principles. Discrimination of other races, the rich getting more benefits than the poor, abuses by powerful companies are example of everyday life.

__**US Revolution and Fever** **M****odel:**__

__**Chinese Revolution**__ **Markup:** []

1. From the late 1800s to the 20th century, what were some of the "underlying" cause of unrest in China (Incubation period) Some of the causes were widespread corruption in the government, incompetent officials, famine, peasant unrest and natural disasters as well as an increasing population growth. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Opium Wars, food shortages 2. What changes occurred in China after the revolution of 1911? There were actually very little change at all after the revolution. The new government had attempted to westernize China and had increased the wealth of many Chinese cities by allowing foreign influence into China. Unfortunately, this only aided the wealthy Chinese rather than everyone and the poor farmers were still under the control of the wealthy.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Sun Yet-Sen led revolution, ended imperial rule in China

3. Explain the role of the Nationalists and Communists in the Chinese Government The role of the Nationalists and Communists in the Chinese Government were to rid China of foreign influence and reduce the power of regional warlords.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Seeked radical equality, Chiang Kai-Shek led Nationalists, Mao Zedong led Communists. Nationalists massacres Communists and forces Communists to do the Long March all the way to Northwest China. Those who marched with him became lieutenants in Communist China.

4. Highlight the role of Mao in China. The role of Mao in China was that he abolished any class system in China and redistributed land to the poor peasants after he took them away from the rich. He created communes where the peasants had to work together to farm the land. His Great Leap Forward plan and his Great Cultural Revolution ultimately caused widespread famine due to the food made being shipped to the cities rather than feed the farming peasants. The Great Cultural Revolution had also led to many killings of suspected seperartists as well as the destruction of traditional China. However, he is credited in modernizing China and uniting the Chinese people. Executed the educated.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">He eliminated the four olds: ideas, customs, culture, habits. Established People's Liberation Army and the Red Guard. Took away private land ownership.

The message of the cartoon is to show that while equality may be good and all, it may not neccessarily solve the problems that needs solutions. In this case, it would be letting the smallest kid see the baseball game. Giving equal amount of crates for each child did not solve the problem since the kid was not tall enough but with justice where things are made fair, the kid is given another box, just enough to push him up to see the game and thus, solving the proble. Equality isdoes not solve everything.

>
 * __China Under Mao Video Notes:__**
 * China was mostly ruled by dynasties and emperors and adopted policy of isolation.
 * Demand for Chinese goods caused European interest in China to grow.
 * Europeans forces China to trade and took control of parts of the country.
 * Chinese rebels forced out China's last emperor because they were tired of imperial rule and foreign influence
 * Republic formed by power struggle between Nationalists and Communists happen
 * Oct. 1949, Chinese Civil War ends and Communists win and establishes People's Republic of China.
 * Chiang Kai-Shek flees to Taiwan and establishes Republic of China.
 * China wanted to erase social inequality by removing land from the wealthy.
 * Because of fewer farming peasants and risky agriculture techniques, food shortages happened,
 * Food managers lied about production fearing punishment.
 * Mao calls for new cultural revolution
 * Red Guard organized to cause chaos around country
 * Intellectuals forced to work countryside
 * 50-75 million died under Mao's rule.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Last emperor forced out on 1911.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Forcing wealthy to give up the land caused more deaths.

Ancient China had been ruled by dynasties and emperors as well as have had a police of isolation. Europeans were able to crack open China's isolationist behavior because of increased European interest in Chinese goods. Foreign influence caused rebels to who eventually overthrew the emperor since they were tired of foreign influence and imperial rule and a republic was formed. This caused a Civil War between Chiang Kai-Shek's Nationalists and Mao Zedong's Communists with the Communists winning and establishing the People's Republic of China and the Nationalists forced to flee to Taiwan where they established the Republic of China. Mao's first moves were taking away land from the wealthy to create social equality and his revolutions to create more steel to modernize China led to famines because of fewer farming peasants which led to food shortages. His new cultural revolution created the Red Guard who terrorized the countryside and forced intellectuals to work the countryside. Overall, 50-75 million people died under Mao's rule until he passed away.

Mao's impact on China is that he modernized the country through his first Great Revolution and united his country through his communist policies and set up the stage for China to be a world power in the future. Unfortunately, his policies ended up killing millions of people through persecution, starvation, and execution for not following his policies and orders.
 * Based on the video and your notes, what impact did Mao have on China**?

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Quotations from Mao Zedong on War and Revolution **



Instructions:
 * Copy and paste each quote into your wiki
 * In a sentence, explain the meaning of each quote

<span style="background-color: #cde5d5; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">A revolution is not a dinner party, or writing an essay, or painting a picture, or doing embroidery; it cannot be so refined, so leisurely and gentle, so temperate, kind, courteous, restrained and magnanimous. A revolution is an insurrection, an act of violence by which one class overthrows another.


 * <span style="background-color: #cde5d5; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">— From //Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan// **

A revolution involves the parties that is taking part in the act to get their hands dirty with violence and it cannot be very "civilized" in nature simply because the government sees the revolutionaries as a threat to the state/rebels while the revolutionaries sees their government as a tyrant that needs to be deposed and if both sides don't respect the other, then obviously things won't be pretty.

<span style="background-color: #cde5d5; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">The revolutionary war is a war of the masses; it can be waged only by mobilizing the masses and relying on them.


 * <span style="background-color: #cde5d5; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">— From //Be Concerned with the Well-Being of the Masses, Pay Attention to Methods of Work// **

If one wants to get a revolution, one would need more than just themselves to start one. Needs more like minded individuals to pull a revolution off successfully.

<span style="background-color: #cde5d5; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">War is the highest form of struggle for resolving contradictions, when they have developed to a certain stage, between classes, nations, states, or political groups, and it has existed ever since the emergence of private property and of classes.


 * <span style="background-color: #cde5d5; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">— From //Problems of Strategy in China's Revolutionary War// **

Fighting one another is the highest level of dealing with disagreements between two different entities and groups which is true as most groups consider violence and war as the last resort.

<span style="background-color: #cde5d5; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Every Communist must grasp the truth, "Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun."


 * <span style="background-color: #cde5d5; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">— From //Problems of War and Strategy// **

By threatening others with violence or that you would shoot them if they don't comply is an easy way to gain someone's obedience which translates to political power.


 * Students should discuss and and answer the following questions. **<span style="background-color: #cde5d5; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">**..**

Mao Zedong would define revolution as a struggle by the people against a tyrannical government in order to achieve equal equality for everyone and abolish the class system; all of which are for the greater good. But to achieve this, one would need a lot of support from the masses and willing to go violent against the opposition to achieve it.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">__**According to the quotes above how might Mao Zedong define revolution**__?

I do agree because revolutions do require a lot of bloodshed and support from the people to succeed at all since it is just a bunch of angry civilians rising up against the government and its army and riot police. Things will get violent as the government wants to crush the uprising as soon as possible and the rebels wants to make their demands as soon as possible and violence is often the fastest way to go.
 * __**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Do you agree with quotes of Mao? Why or why not? (use specific evidence from the quotes) **__

__**DJ on Tank Man** Video:__

__**Template on Tianamen Square:**__

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1iY2yHvkwj5NR8k3cLvuaMFaDsANG7tmb7_GuQKsMYAM/edit?usp=sharing
 * __Tianamen Square Summary:__**

__**Comments on Tiananmen Square**__ **Censorship:**

__**Modern China**__ **Video:** What do you see in the video? - Fancy places - Tall and huge Skyscrapers. - Very modernized urban areas. - The Bird's Nest Olympic Complex - Advanced, high-tech monorail train - Three Gorges Dam - Sleek buildings

What is missing? - Any of the bad things related to China such as Tiananmen Square and all - Any rural parts of China - Anything that has traditional or cultural things with old Chinese culture - No people really in the shots

__**Successor of Mao Markup:**__ https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kGW8hZJwbkm0SDjtYTUTbjVyRsArYoGIrNsaoGarzdk/edit?usp=sharing

__**China Key**__ **Terms:** https://docs.google.com/document/d/1YM8Kz-qU42zwsCT5DeLUdZ4rtQVDwfTyTVtWSsjyz3k/edit?usp=sharing

__**Fever Model for Chinese Revolutions:**__